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During World War II the Channel
Islands were the only area of British soil to be invaded and
occupied by German forces.
The Germans held the Islands
from 1940 to 1945 and left an indelible mark on their history
and landscape.
In 1941 Adolf Hitler decided
that the Channel Islands were to become Germany's Gibralter,
an impregnible fortress that would never be surrendered.
Work began at once on an underground fortress on Jersey which
would protect an entire army division from attack by sea or
air.
Thousands of tons of rock was
excavated and dumped in a nearby valley, while six thousand
tonnes of concrete were pumped in to line the tunnels.
This great feat of engineering was created by slave and forced
labourers, marched here from all parts of German occupied
Europe.
Close to the entrance a plaque
reads, 'Under these conditions men of many nations laboured
to construct this hospital. Those who survived will
never forget; those who did not will never be forgotten.'
The amazing barracks complex
was never finished and in 1944 was converted into a bomb-proof
casulty receiving station when Allied invasion seemed in imminent.
However, the invasion near took place and the occupying forces
surrendered without force on 9 May 1945, a day after the rest
of Europe.
Since the 1960s the complex has
been carefully restored and now houses 'Captive Island', the
definitive museum of the German Occupation of Jersey.
Some rooms have been reconstructed
as wards and treatment rooms. On display are irreplaceable
wartime archive films and one of the largest collections of
Occupation memorabilia.
Beside the War Tunnels is an
area of anti-aircraft gun positions, barbed-wire entanglements,
crawl trenches and personnel shelters. Untouched since
the Liberation this historic area (with well-defined and obligatory
footpaths) is a haven for trees, plants and wildlife.
Outside the museum is the evocative
Garden of Reflection. In this key area of peace and
tranquility, visitors can reflect on the devasting consequences
of war.
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